Here's a real fight between male gorillas, in the wild, in Rwanda. We're humans, male silverback gorillas can weigh up to about 600 pounds (270 kilos), and are much stronger than us. There's a reason we have a saying "the 800 pound gorilla in the room," about huge issues we all ignore. This post is not about gorillas, it's about the economic realities of the next few years in the United States of America. But I'm starting this post with the economic "800 pound gorilla in the room."
We have far too much debt in our economic system. That's the huge issue everyone ignores on a daily basis. Nearly all average people have far more debt than they can handle. Home mortgage debt, student loan debt, auto loan debt, credit card debt. Businesses large and small also have huge debt loads in many, if not most cases. Local governments, villages, towns, cities, and counties, have debt issues. States have huge loads of debt. And yes, the United States of America now has over $36 trillion in debt, it just crossed to $36 T recently, according to the U.S. National Debt Clock, as I write this.
Not all debt is bad debt, debt allows us to buy houses we could never afford buy paying cash for, it allows us to buy newer and better cars, go to better colleges, and businesses routinely use short term debt to buy merchandise, while giving their buyers terms to pay for items sold, allowing a smoother flow of goods and services all around.
More important, the U.S. dollar is backed by debt, not gold, since 1971. We're over 50 years into the largest fiat money experiment in human history. Our entire economic system runs on debt. Our system NEEDS debt to keep functioning. But there's an amount of debt where things function smoothly, and an amount of debt where nearly everyone struggles to pay their bills, month to month, and everything slows down to a breaking point. We're in the latter, right now.
This country has an amount of debt that is dramatically slowing down consumer spending. Consumer spending makes up about 70% of the economy. This is the huge, underlying issue everyone is ignoring as we head into a new presidential administration that wants to make massive changes in many areas. Their game plan has largely been created by Right wing, highly religious, "conservatives." I put that word in quotation marks because they don't believe in conserving money like decades ago, they definitely aren't for conserving the environment, "conservative" in today's world seems to imply fundamentalist Christian social beliefs. Conservatives aren't really into "conserving" much of anything, except the status quo.
On January 20th, 2025 Donald Trump will be sworn in as president, a 78 1/2-year-old man who quite admittedly loves McDonald's French fries... and salt. But this post is about what life will be like for Americans in the next few years, not fundamentalist social views or Trump's health. In less than two weeks since the election, the stock indices hit new highs, and then dropped back quite a bit, and now are climbing higher. Gold dropped over $200 per ounce from its recent all time high, and is now bouncing back a bit. The U.S. dollar has surged higher, compared to other major currencies, which makes life and business harder for many other countries, including our allies. Despite having The Fed lower their Fed Funds rate 3/4% in the least couple months, overall interest rates have been trending up. The 10 Year U.S. Treasury, a common bookmark for interest rates is at 4.41% as I write this, a much higher return than through all of the 2010's.
While small and mid-sized business owners tend to lean Republican, and believe the economy will take off in a Trump presidency, in reality there are all kinds of mixed signals in the financial world, contradicting each other. Here are the major trends I see playing out now, and into the future months and years.
Inflation- Inflation has been trending down, from a high 9.1% CPI, to around 2.5% recently. Truflation, a wider, nearly realtime inflation indicator, got down to 1.01% annual inflation rate on September 13th, 2024, but has surged back up to 2.84% since. The investment world, the big players, see a Trump presidency likely to push inflation back up. That's a recent trend change, and has kept going up since the election, about two weeks ago. But there are major trends pushing overall inflation downward at the same time, particularly stagnant or dropping values in both commercial and residential real estate in some areas.
Consumers are broke- Advanced Auto Parts is the latest large business to announce mass store closings and layoffs because consumer sales are slowing, and everyday people are broke. McDonald's, Starbucks, and several other major corporations have been saying the same thing for about six months now. As I mentioned above, most consumers are saddled with high levels of debt these days, and working hard to pay day to day expenses and keep current on their various debt payments. Consumers spending is about 70% of the U.S. economy, and I see nothing coming in the next couple of years to change this issue. To increase consumer spending, either wages have to increase by an unprecedented amount, quickly, or TRILLIONS of dollars of some forms of debt need to be written off. I don't see either of these ideas as having a chance in Hell of happening anytime soon. This issue alone, broke consumers, makes the strongest case for a recession that has either started, or will start soon. We have been slowly, steadily dropping into a recession, and it would have happened either way, under a Harris or a Trump presidency. But how the government reacts and responds would be quite different.
Commercial real estate collapse- The collapse in prices of commercial buildings, across the U.S., has been going on for around a year now. Buildings worth tens of millions or hundreds of millions of dollars have been selling for up to 90% discounts, in some cases, for several months now. This is happening nationwide, to these large office buildings, along with many vacant retail stores and malls, which have been struggling for the last decade or more. Here's a 20 story building in Denver that recently sold at an 80% discount. One of the tallest buildings in Texas sold in May for more than a 90% discount. Here's an office building in San Francisco that sold for nearly 80% off of it's peak value. You get the idea, this isn't just happening in the few biggest major cities. The overall values of many retail stores, malls, and office buildings are dropping all over the country. Lower values mean lower tax incomes for cities, which means those cities will ultimately have to reduce services somewhere, to compensate. Like broke consumers, there is no quick fix to this problem, and it is a part of our transition out of the fading Industrial Age era and into the building Information Age society, which needs different types of buildings in different places. This trend will just have to play out over many years, probably two or three decades, just like the closure of factories did in the late 1970's through the 2000's.
Residential real estate slowing down- In this video by Nick at Reventure Consulting (from mid-November 2024), he shows multiple homes that have dropped tens of thousands in value, to a $400,000 loss in a home's value in one case, over the last two or three years. Much of Florida's residential real estate, in particular, is turning down quickly right now. I think most of us know that home prices vary tremendously across the United States right now. For example, the median home price is now $1.2 million in Los Angeles, California. Yet, there are cities that have gone downhill in recent decades, mostly from the loss of factories and high paying manufacturing jobs. There are many areas where homes are for sale for incredibly low prices.
I won't pick on the well known cities of Detroit, Michigan, Gary, Indiana, or Youngstown, Ohio, which are known for these issues. Here's a house for sale for $59,900 in Mansfield, Ohio, where my grandparents lived until I finished 8th grade. I spent a lot of time in Mansfield as a kid, going to the now closed Richland Mall, playing on my grandparents' swing set, and getting yelled at by my drunk German grandpa. Mansfield was a thriving Midwest industrial city when I was a kid, in the 1970's. Now, like most of rural, small town, and mid-sized city America, it's struggling. There are probably 150 or 200 mid-sized and small cities in the U.S. that have been struggling since the early 1980's, and Mansfield is just one of them. If all these towns and cities really had the potential for large numbers of people move in and live really well, Americans would flood back into those cities. If that happened, new businesses would rise up in those towns and cities, and the overall real estate prices would rise in those places, and even out across the country. But that is not what's happening, over the long run. Though the pandemic reversed the migration flows for two or three years, the long term trend is that Americans, overall continue to migrate to the larger metro areas.
These are just three of the really big, long term trends, that are playing out now, and will continue well into the future, regardless of what President-elect Trump, or any other politicians do. Trump's much trumpeted ideas for tariffs could easily lead to higher prices and more inflation, or a full blown trade war with China, neither of which helps working Americans.
Yes, stock prices, and particularly crypto prices, are rising right now, which helps the relatively small number of Americans who own large stock portfolios. But stocks are largely overvalued overall by long term standards, which is why people like Warren Buffet, one of America's best investors, have been selling large quantities of stocks, and is now sitting on over $320 billion in cash. He is waiting for good opportunities to invest large sums, and can't find them at this time.
There are huge negative trends economically right now, and some very positive trends in some markets, and these mixed signals will most likely continue well into the next year or two. Future actions by the new administration will have some effect on the economy, and we'll have to see how the overall picture plays out. But it's not going to be smooth sailing, or the unbounded upward trend that most Republicans are now expecting. Finding true organic growth in the economy at a large level has been a problem since the Great Recession (aka the GFC) of 2008. It's going to be a weird and tumultuous road ahead economically, and some actions by the Trump administration could make it worse for average Americans.
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